In a solution where only CO 2 affects the pH, carbonate hardness can be used to calculate the concentration of dissolved CO 2 in the solution with the formula CO 2 = 3 × KH × 10 (7-pH), where KH is degrees of carbonate hardness and CO 2 is given in ppm by weight. However, for water with a pH below 8.5, the CO 3 2− will be less than 1% of the HCO 3 − so carbonate alkalinity will equal carbonate hardness to within an error of less than 1%. Carbonate hardness expressed in ppm does not necessarily equal carbonate alkalinity expressed in ppm.Ĭarbonate Alkalinity CA (mg/L) = + 2 × Since one degree KH = 17.848 mg/L CaCO 3, this solution has a KH of 4.0052 degrees.Ĭarbonate hardness should not be confused with a similar measure Carbonate Alkalinity which is expressed in either s] per litre (meq/L) or ppm. This is equivalent in carbonate hardness to a solution containing 0.71423 mmol/L of (calcium) carbonate, or 71.485 mg/L of calcium carbonate (molar mass 100.09 g/mol). ![]() Both measurements (mg/L or KH) are usually expressed as mg/L CaCOģ – meaning the concentration of carbonate expressed as if calcium carbonate were the sole source of carbonate ions.Īn aqueous solution containing 120 mg NaHCO 3 (baking soda) per litre of water will contain 1.4285 mmol/l of bicarbonate, since the molar mass of baking soda is 84.007 g/mol. one dKH corresponds to the carbonate and bicarbonate ions found in a solution of approximately 17.848 milligrams of calcium carbonate( CaCOģ) per litre of water (17.848 ppm). ![]() One dKH is equal to 17.848 mg/L (ppm) CaCOģ, e.g. Carbonate hardness is usually expressed either in degrees KH ( dKH) (from the German "Karbonathärte"), or in parts per million calcium carbonate ( ppm CaCOģ per litre|mg/L). Carbonate hardness, is a measure of the water hardness caused by the presence of carbonate ( CO 2−ģ) anions.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |